Chroma Medicine and Tune Therapeutics: Two companies take up epigenome editing

Since the 1990s, attempts to manipulate the epigenome to fight diseases like cancer have relied on DNA-modifying drugs such as azacitidine. These drugs act more like therapeutic sledgehammers than precision medicines.

Now, with decades of research on DNA-binding domains and a burgeoning number of enzymatic effectors that can write or erase epigenetic marks, precision epigenome editing is coming into view. These advances have not been lost on investors, who in 2021 poured $165 million into two epigenome-editing companies: Tune Therapeutics and Chroma Medicine. Earlier this year, a third firm, Epic Bio, spun out of Stanford University, with a $55 million A round.

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