By 1994, scientists estimated that 50% of the oil in Prince William Sound had biodegraded, 20% had evaporated, and 14% had been cleaned.
An attempt to contain oil from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Sawmill Bay, Prince William Sound, Alaska.That means that 16% of the oil remained — 13% in sediments, 2% on shorelines, and 1% remained in the ocean.JUDY GRIESEDIECK/Star Tribune via Getty ImagesA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -led 2015 study found that these oil levels were linked to growth problems in salmon and herring.
Oil is shown seeping from underground in water in a hole dug on a beach on Eleanor Island, Alaska, in 2010.The study stated that fish embryos absorb oil into their skin while they are developing into fully-formed fish and this reduces their ability to swim and their chance of survival.Erik Hill/Anchorage Daily News/Tribune News Service via Getty ImagesBetween 1990 and 1992, Alaska caught a record number of salmon and herring.
The state sued Exxon following the spill, and the federal government said the company violated the Clean Water Act, which states that no one can add pollutants to water without a permit. It cost the oil company more than $1 billion in settlements. Workers steam blast rocks soaked in crude oil from the leaking tanker Exxon Valdez in Prince William Sound, Alaska in 1989.
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