for better pay and working conditions, sparked by the extreme conditions, layoffs, and physical and emotional distress of the pandemic.
In a new book called"Power and Thrones," which aims to reveal how the thousand years of the Middle Ages is still shaping society, the journalist and popular historian Dan Jones writes with the kind of voice that got the Guardian to call him one of England's"Jones explains how the oldest surviving university in the west, or Europe, the University of Bologna, wasn't quite created for the pursuit of education in its own right.
At the time, there were strong ties between education and monasteries or cathedral schools. But leading up to the founding of the University of Bologna in 1088, another type of scholar arose that was more professional. Many of these scholars were foreigners, though, and subject to laws that punished all students of a nationality if one broke the law or defaulted on debt. In other words, if your fellow student owed money to someone, Bologna would charge you for it, too. They unionized.
Gli scioperi producono anche cose buone. Dalla protesta per paghe migliori nacque la più antica università d'Europa. AlmaMater
英国一位“时髦的年轻历史学家”说，欧洲现存最古老的学院是在1000年前由要求更高工资的学者举行的罢工中成立的