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When Jean Chrétien became prime minister in 1993 the federal deficit was at record peacetime levels. His government’s 1995 budget cut spending sharply and reduced the number of bureaucrats. As the chart shows, from 1997 to 1999 their number fell three per cent, even as the population rose two per cent. Restrictive fiscal policy worked and in fact led to a modest increase in the bureaucracy during the next four years. By 2003 the growth rates of population and bureaucrats were the same.
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